{"id":378,"date":"2026-08-29T17:23:45","date_gmt":"2026-08-29T14:23:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dehost.com.tr\/blog\/?p=378"},"modified":"2026-09-09T17:24:06","modified_gmt":"2026-09-09T14:24:06","slug":"kali-linux-komutlari-temel-ve-ileri-seviye-rehber","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dehost.com.tr\/blog\/kali-linux-komutlari-temel-ve-ileri-seviye-rehber\/","title":{"rendered":"Kali Linux Komutlar\u0131: Temel ve \u0130leri Seviye Rehber"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Kali Linux komutlar\u0131<\/strong>, Linux tabanl\u0131 sistemleri y\u00f6netmek, dosyalar \u00fczerinde i\u015flem yapmak, a\u011f ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek, paketleri g\u00fcncellemek, servisleri y\u00f6netmek ve sistem hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 bilgi almak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan terminal komutlar\u0131n\u0131 kapsar.<\/p>\n<p>Kali Linux \u00f6zellikle <strong>siber g\u00fcvenlik<\/strong>, sistem y\u00f6netimi, a\u011f analizi, g\u00fcvenlik testi ve teknik e\u011fitim alanlar\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan Debian tabanl\u0131 bir Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak Kali Linux&#8217;u verimli kullanabilmenin temel \u015fartlar\u0131ndan biri grafik aray\u00fcz\u00fcn yan\u0131nda <strong>Linux terminal komutlar\u0131na<\/strong> h\u00e2kim olmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Terminal sayesinde birka\u00e7 saniye i\u00e7erisinde klas\u00f6r olu\u015fturabilir, dosya ta\u015f\u0131yabilir, sistem kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyebilir, IP adreslerini g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleyebilir, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015flemleri kontrol edebilir veya i\u015fletim sistemini g\u00fcncelleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zellikle Kali Linux&#8217;u bir <strong>VPS veya VDS sunucu<\/strong> \u00fczerinde kullanan kullan\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in komut sat\u0131r\u0131 bilgisi daha da \u00f6nem kazan\u0131r. Uzaktaki Linux sunucular\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc SSH \u00fczerinden terminal arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla y\u00f6netildi\u011fi i\u00e7in grafik aray\u00fcz kullanmadan i\u015flem yapabilmek ciddi kolayl\u0131k sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p>Bu rehberde en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan <strong>Kali Linux terminal komutlar\u0131<\/strong>, dosya ve klas\u00f6r y\u00f6netimi, kullan\u0131c\u0131 i\u015flemleri, a\u011f komutlar\u0131, paket y\u00f6netimi, servis kontrol\u00fc, disk ve bellek takibi gibi ba\u015fl\u0131klar alt\u0131nda detayl\u0131 olarak ele al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>G\u00fcvenlik testi veya a\u011f analiziyle ilgili ara\u00e7lar\u0131 yaln\u0131zca sahibi oldu\u011funuz ya da a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a test izni ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z sistemlerde kullanmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>Kali Linux Nedir?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Kali Linux<\/strong>, g\u00fcvenlik ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131, penetrasyon testleri, dijital adli analiz ve sistem y\u00f6netimi gibi alanlarda kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere geli\u015ftirilen Debian tabanl\u0131 bir Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Kali&#8217;nin en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliklerinden biri \u00e7ok say\u0131da g\u00fcvenlik ve sistem y\u00f6netimi arac\u0131n\u0131n paketler veya metapaketler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla eri\u015filebilir olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Kali Linux resmi dok\u00fcmantasyonunda da sistemin farkl\u0131 kullan\u0131m ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re metapaketlerle \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilebildi\u011fi belirtilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Bununla birlikte Kali Linux yaln\u0131zca haz\u0131r ara\u00e7lardan ibaret de\u011fildir. \u0130\u015fletim sisteminin temelinde klasik Linux terminal yap\u0131s\u0131 bulunur.<\/p>\n<p>Bu nedenle;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Dosya y\u00f6netimi<\/li>\n<li>Klas\u00f6r i\u015flemleri<\/li>\n<li>Kullan\u0131c\u0131 y\u00f6netimi<\/li>\n<li>A\u011f yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Paket kurulumu<\/li>\n<li>Servis y\u00f6netimi<\/li>\n<li>Disk y\u00f6netimi<\/li>\n<li>Sistem kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n takibi<\/li>\n<li>Log analizi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>gibi i\u015flemlerde standart <strong>Linux komutlar\u0131<\/strong> kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Kali Linux kurulumu i\u00e7in yerel bilgisayar kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi gibi uygun bir <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/dehost.com.tr\/vps-kirala\">VPS sunucu<\/a><\/strong> veya sanal sunucu altyap\u0131s\u0131 da tercih edilebilir. Kullan\u0131lacak altyap\u0131n\u0131n kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilecek i\u015fleme uygun olmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Terminali Nedir?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Terminal<\/strong>, kullan\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131lan komutlar\u0131n i\u015fletim sistemi taraf\u0131ndan yorumlanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan metin tabanl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Grafik aray\u00fczde bir klas\u00f6r\u00fc a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in fareyle t\u0131klarken terminalde ayn\u0131 i\u015flem <code>cd<\/code> komutuyla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n<p><code>cd \/home\/kali<\/code><\/p>\n<p>komutu <code>\/home\/kali<\/code> dizinine ge\u00e7i\u015f yapar.<\/p>\n<p>Terminalin en \u00f6nemli avantajlar\u0131ndan biri h\u0131zd\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca SSH ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerinden uzaktaki bir sunucuya eri\u015fildi\u011finde \u00e7o\u011fu y\u00f6netim i\u015flemi terminal arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bir komutun kullan\u0131m\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinmek i\u00e7in Linux&#8217;un kendi yard\u0131m sistemlerinden yararlanabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n<p><code>man ls<\/code><\/p>\n<p>komutu <code>ls<\/code> komutunun kullan\u0131m k\u0131lavuzunu a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n<p>Kali&#8217;nin resmi sorun giderme dok\u00fcmantasyonu da komutlar\u0131n detaylar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in <strong>man sayfalar\u0131n\u0131n<\/strong> kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nerir.<\/p>\n<h2>En \u00c7ok Kullan\u0131lan Kali Linux Komutlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tablo g\u00fcnl\u00fck kullan\u0131mda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilece\u011finiz baz\u0131 temel <strong>Kali Linux komutlar\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> \u00f6zetlemektedir.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Komut<\/th>\n<th>G\u00f6revi<\/th>\n<th>\u00d6rnek<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><code>pwd<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Bulundu\u011funuz dizini g\u00f6sterir<\/td>\n<td><code>pwd<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>ls<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Dosya ve klas\u00f6rleri listeler<\/td>\n<td><code>ls -la<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>cd<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Dizin de\u011fi\u015ftirir<\/td>\n<td><code>cd \/var\/log<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>mkdir<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Yeni klas\u00f6r olu\u015fturur<\/td>\n<td><code>mkdir proje<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>touch<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Yeni bo\u015f dosya olu\u015fturur<\/td>\n<td><code>touch test.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>cp<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Dosya veya klas\u00f6r kopyalar<\/td>\n<td><code>cp a.txt b.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>mv<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Dosya ta\u015f\u0131r veya yeniden adland\u0131r\u0131r<\/td>\n<td><code>mv eski.txt yeni.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>rm<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Dosya siler<\/td>\n<td><code>rm dosya.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>cat<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Dosya i\u00e7eri\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler<\/td>\n<td><code>cat dosya.txt<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>clear<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Terminal ekran\u0131n\u0131 temizler<\/td>\n<td><code>clear<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>whoami<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Aktif kullan\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6sterir<\/td>\n<td><code>whoami<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>uname<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Sistem bilgilerini g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler<\/td>\n<td><code>uname -a<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>ip<\/code><\/td>\n<td>A\u011f yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler<\/td>\n<td><code>ip addr<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>df<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Disk kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir<\/td>\n<td><code>df -h<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>free<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Bellek kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir<\/td>\n<td><code>free -h<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>ps<\/code><\/td>\n<td>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015flemleri g\u00f6sterir<\/td>\n<td><code>ps aux<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>top<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Sistem kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 canl\u0131 g\u00f6sterir<\/td>\n<td><code>top<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>systemctl<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Servisleri y\u00f6netir<\/td>\n<td><code>systemctl status ssh<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>journalctl<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Sistem loglar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler<\/td>\n<td><code>journalctl<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>reboot<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Sistemi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131r<\/td>\n<td><code>sudo reboot<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Kali Linux Dosya ve Klas\u00f6r Komutlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Linux sistemlerinde hemen hemen her i\u015flem bir dosya veya dizin yap\u0131s\u0131yla ili\u015fkilidir. Bu nedenle <strong>dosya y\u00f6netimi komutlar\u0131<\/strong>, Kali Linux \u00f6\u011frenirken ilk \u00f6\u011frenilmesi gereken komutlar aras\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>pwd Komutu<\/h3>\n<p><code>pwd<\/code>, terminalde o anda bulundu\u011funuz dizinin tam yolunu g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rnek:<\/p>\n<p><code>pwd<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u00c7\u0131kt\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011fi:<\/p>\n<p><code>\/home\/kali<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zellikle farkl\u0131 klas\u00f6rler aras\u0131nda s\u0131k s\u0131k ge\u00e7i\u015f yaparken hangi dizinde oldu\u011funuzu kontrol etmek i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>ls Komutu<\/h3>\n<p><code>ls<\/code>, bir klas\u00f6r\u00fcn i\u00e7eri\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler.<\/p>\n<p>Basit kullan\u0131m:<\/p>\n<p><code>ls<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Detayl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>ls -l<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Gizli dosyalar\u0131 da g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>ls -la<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Linux&#8217;ta nokta ile ba\u015flayan dosyalar genellikle gizli kabul edildi\u011fi i\u00e7in <code>-a<\/code> parametresi \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<h3>cd Komutu<\/h3>\n<p><strong>cd komutu<\/strong>, dizin de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n<p><code>cd \/var\/log<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Bir \u00fcst dizine \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>cd ..<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n ev dizinine d\u00f6nmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>cd ~<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>mkdir Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Yeni bir klas\u00f6r olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in <code>mkdir<\/code> kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rnek:<\/p>\n<p><code>mkdir kali-proje<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Alt dizinleriyle birlikte olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>mkdir -p proje\/loglar\/arsiv<\/code><\/p>\n<p>komutu tercih edilebilir.<\/p>\n<h3>touch Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Bo\u015f bir dosya olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>touch notlar.txt<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p><code>touch<\/code> mevcut bir dosyada kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda dosyan\u0131n zaman bilgilerini de g\u00fcncelleyebilir.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Dosya Kopyalama, Ta\u015f\u0131ma ve Silme Komutlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Dosya y\u00f6netiminde s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan di\u011fer komutlar <strong>cp, mv ve rm<\/strong> komutlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>cp Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Bir dosyay\u0131 kopyalamak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>cp rapor.txt rapor-yedek.txt<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Bir klas\u00f6r\u00fc alt klas\u00f6rleriyle birlikte kopyalamak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>cp -r proje proje-yedek<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>mv Komutu<\/h3>\n<p><code>mv<\/code>, hem dosya ta\u015f\u0131mak hem de yeniden adland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n<p><code>mv eski-ad.txt yeni-ad.txt<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Bir dosyay\u0131 ba\u015fka klas\u00f6re ta\u015f\u0131mak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>mv rapor.txt \/home\/kali\/Belgeler\/<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>rm Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Bir dosyay\u0131 silmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>rm dosya.txt<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Bir klas\u00f6r\u00fc i\u00e7eri\u011fiyle birlikte kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>rm -r klasor<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zellikle <code>rm -r<\/code> ve <code>rm -rf<\/code> gibi komutlar dikkatli kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Linux&#8217;ta komut sat\u0131r\u0131ndan silinen dosyalar \u00e7o\u011fu durumda grafik aray\u00fczdeki \u00e7\u00f6p kutusuna ta\u015f\u0131nmaz.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Dosya \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme Komutlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Dosya i\u00e7eri\u011fini terminalden incelemek i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 komutlar kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>cat Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>K\u0131sa dosyalar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>cat dosya.txt<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>less Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Uzun dosyalarda:<\/p>\n<p><code>less dosya.txt<\/code><\/p>\n<p>daha kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Dosya i\u00e7inde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ve yukar\u0131 hareket edilebilir ve <code>q<\/code> tu\u015fuyla \u00e7\u0131k\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>head Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Bir dosyan\u0131n ilk sat\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler:<\/p>\n<p><code>head dosya.txt<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Belirli say\u0131da sat\u0131r i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>head -n 20 dosya.txt<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>tail Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Dosyan\u0131n son sat\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler:<\/p>\n<p><code>tail dosya.log<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Bir log dosyas\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri canl\u0131 takip etmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>tail -f uygulama.log<\/code><\/p>\n<p>komutu olduk\u00e7a kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Dosya Arama Komutlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Sunucu y\u00f6netiminde belirli bir dosyay\u0131 veya metni bulmak s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan ihtiya\u00e7lardan biridir.<\/p>\n<h3>find Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Belirli bir isimdeki dosyalar\u0131 aramak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>find \/home\/kali -name \"rapor.txt\"<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Belirli uzant\u0131daki dosyalar\u0131 listelemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>find \/var\/log -name \"*.log\"<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>grep Komutu<\/h3>\n<p><strong>grep<\/strong>, metin i\u00e7erisinde belirli kelime veya ifadeleri arar.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n<p><code>grep \"error\" uygulama.log<\/code><\/p>\n<p>B\u00fcy\u00fck-k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck harf ayr\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>grep -i \"error\" uygulama.log<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Alt klas\u00f6rlerdeki dosyalar\u0131 da aramak i\u00e7in <code>-r<\/code> parametresi kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p><code>grep -r \"aranan_kelime\" \/var\/log<\/code><\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Kullan\u0131c\u0131 ve Yetki Komutlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Linux \u00e7ok kullan\u0131c\u0131l\u0131 bir i\u015fletim sistemidir. Bu nedenle <strong>kullan\u0131c\u0131 yetkileri<\/strong> sistem g\u00fcvenli\u011finin \u00f6nemli par\u00e7alar\u0131ndan biridir.<\/p>\n<h3>whoami Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Aktif terminal oturumunun hangi kullan\u0131c\u0131ya ait oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir:<\/p>\n<p><code>whoami<\/code><\/p>\n<h3>id Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n UID, GID ve grup bilgilerini g\u00f6sterir:<\/p>\n<p><code>id<\/code><\/p>\n<h3>sudo Komutu<\/h3>\n<p><code>sudo<\/code>, gerekli yetkiye sahip kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n bir komutu y\u00f6netici yetkileriyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo apt update<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Bu i\u015flem paket listelerinin y\u00f6netici yetkisiyle g\u00fcncellenmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p>Gereksiz yere root kullan\u0131c\u0131 olarak s\u00fcrekli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak yerine yaln\u0131zca gerekli komutlarda <code>sudo<\/code> kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 genellikle daha g\u00fcvenli bir y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/p>\n<h3>passwd Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Kullan\u0131c\u0131 parolas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>passwd<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Kali&#8217;nin kendi dok\u00fcmantasyonunda da kullan\u0131c\u0131 veya root parolas\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesinde <code>passwd<\/code> komutu kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Paket G\u00fcncelleme Komutlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Kali Linux, Debian tabanl\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in paket y\u00f6netiminde <strong>APT<\/strong> kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Sistem g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n g\u00fcncel kalmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan paket g\u00fcncellemeleri \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<h3>sudo apt update<\/h3>\n<p><code>sudo apt update<\/code><\/p>\n<p>komutu depolardaki g\u00fcncel paket listesini indirir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu komut do\u011frudan t\u00fcm programlar\u0131 g\u00fcncellemez. \u00d6ncelikle hangi g\u00fcncellemelerin mevcut oldu\u011funu sistemin \u00f6\u011frenmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p>Kali Linux&#8217;un resmi dok\u00fcmantasyonu yeni paket kurulmadan veya sistem y\u00fckseltilmeden \u00f6nce <code>apt update<\/code> \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zellikle tavsiye etmektedir.<\/p>\n<h3>sudo apt full-upgrade<\/h3>\n<p>Kali Linux rolling da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m yap\u0131s\u0131nda sistemi kapsaml\u0131 bi\u00e7imde g\u00fcncellemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo apt full-upgrade<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Gerekirse:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo apt update &amp;&amp; sudo apt full-upgrade<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u015feklinde iki i\u015flem arka arkaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Kali&#8217;nin 14 May\u0131s 2026 tarihinde g\u00fcncellenen resmi dok\u00fcmantasyonunda da g\u00fcncel sisteme ge\u00e7i\u015f i\u00e7in <code>sudo apt update<\/code> ard\u0131ndan <code>sudo apt full-upgrade -y<\/code> kullan\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Kali rolling yap\u0131s\u0131 nedeniyle resmi dok\u00fcmantasyon, <code>apt upgrade<\/code> yerine genel sistem g\u00fcncellemelerinde <strong><code>apt full-upgrade<\/code> kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131<\/strong> \u00f6nermektedir.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Program Kurma ve Kald\u0131rma Komutlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Bir paket kurmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo apt install paket-adi<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin sistemde <code>curl<\/code> yoksa:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo apt install curl<\/code><\/p>\n<p>komutu kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bir paketi kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo apt remove paket-adi<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Paketin yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyalar\u0131yla birlikte kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finde:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo apt purge paket-adi<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Art\u0131k ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmayan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 temizlemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo apt autoremove<\/code><\/p>\n<p>komutu tercih edilebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Tek bir kurulu paketi g\u00fcncellemek i\u00e7in Kali&#8217;nin resmi dok\u00fcmantasyonunda \u015fu y\u00f6ntem de bulunmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo apt install --only-upgrade paket-adi<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Bu y\u00f6ntem yaln\u0131zca belirtilen kurulu paketin g\u00fcncellenmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Sistem Bilgisi Komutlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Kali Linux \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken sistemin donan\u0131m ve i\u015fletim sistemi bilgilerini g\u00f6rmek gerekebilir.<\/p>\n<h3>uname Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Kernel ve sistem hakk\u0131nda bilgi almak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>uname -a<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Yaln\u0131zca \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kernel s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>uname -r<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>hostname Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Sistemin hostname bilgisini g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler:<\/p>\n<p><code>hostname<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Daha detayl\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in systemd kullanan sistemlerde:<\/p>\n<p><code>hostnamectl<\/code><\/p>\n<p>komutu kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>uptime Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Sistemin ne kadar s\u00fcredir a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>uptime<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu komut ayn\u0131 zamanda sistem y\u00fck ortalamalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda da bilgi verir.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux RAM ve CPU Kontrol Komutlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>\u00d6zellikle bir <strong>Linux VPS<\/strong> veya VDS kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z kaynak t\u00fcketiminin izlenmesi \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<p>Dehost&#8217;un <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/dehost.com.tr\/vds-kirala\">VDS sunucu<\/a><\/strong> altyap\u0131s\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi RAM ve CPU kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n belirli limitlerle sunuldu\u011fu sistemlerde kullan\u0131lan kaynaklar\u0131 terminalden takip etmek olas\u0131 darbo\u011fazlar\u0131n tespit edilmesini kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>free Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>RAM kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 okunabilir bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>free -h<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu komut toplam RAM, kullan\u0131lan bellek, bo\u015f bellek ve kullan\u0131labilir bellek gibi de\u011ferleri g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<h3>top Komutu<\/h3>\n<p><code>top<\/code><\/p>\n<p>sistem kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 canl\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler.<\/p>\n<p>CPU kullan\u0131m\u0131 y\u00fcksek s\u00fcre\u00e7ler, RAM t\u00fcketimi ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015flemler takip edilebilir.<\/p>\n<h3>ps Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>T\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan s\u00fcre\u00e7leri listelemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>ps aux<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Belirli bir uygulamay\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in grep ile birlikte kullan\u0131labilir:<\/p>\n<p><code>ps aux | grep nginx<\/code><\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Disk Kullan\u0131m\u0131 Komutlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Sunucularda disk alan\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fckenmesi web sitelerinin, veri tabanlar\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00e7e\u015fitli servislerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 bozabilir.<\/p>\n<h3>df Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Disk b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin kullan\u0131m oran\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>df -h<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><code>-h<\/code> parametresi de\u011ferleri GB ve MB gibi daha kolay okunabilir bir formatta g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<h3>du Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Belirli bir klas\u00f6r\u00fcn kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 alan\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>du -sh \/var\/log<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu komut \u00f6zellikle hangi klas\u00f6rlerin fazla disk alan\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken faydal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux A\u011f Komutlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Kali Linux a\u011f komutlar\u0131<\/strong>, a\u011f yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek ve ba\u011flant\u0131 problemlerini te\u015fhis etmek a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<p>Kali&#8217;nin resmi sorun giderme dok\u00fcmanlar\u0131nda da a\u011f yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 incelemek amac\u0131yla <code>ip<\/code> komutunun kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmektedir.<\/p>\n<h3>ip addr Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Sistemdeki a\u011f aray\u00fczlerini ve IP adreslerini g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>ip addr<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>K\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imi:<\/p>\n<p><code>ip a<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u015feklindedir.<\/p>\n<h3>ip route Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Routing tablosunu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>ip route<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu komut \u00f6zellikle varsay\u0131lan a\u011f ge\u00e7idinin kontrol edilmesinde faydal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>ping Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Bir hedef ile temel a\u011f eri\u015fimini test etmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>ping 1.1.1.1<\/code><\/p>\n<p>gibi bir kullan\u0131m m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130\u015flemi durdurmak i\u00e7in <code>Ctrl + C<\/code> kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>ss Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Dinlenen ba\u011flant\u0131 noktalar\u0131n\u0131 ve a\u011f soketlerini incelemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>ss -tuln<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu komut bir sunucuda hangi TCP ve UDP portlar\u0131n\u0131n dinledi\u011fini g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux DNS Kontrol Komutlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>DNS problemleri web sitesi ve sunucu y\u00f6netiminde s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan sorunlardan biridir.<\/p>\n<h3>dig Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Bir alan ad\u0131n\u0131n DNS kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 sorgulamak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>dig example.com<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Belirli bir kay\u0131t tipini kontrol etmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>dig example.com MX<\/code><\/p>\n<p>veya:<\/p>\n<p><code>dig example.com NS<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>host Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Basit DNS sorgular\u0131 i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>host example.com<\/code><\/p>\n<p>komutu kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu ara\u00e7lar <strong>DNS y\u00f6netimi<\/strong> ve alan ad\u0131 y\u00f6nlendirme sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n kontrol edilmesinde yararl\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Servis Y\u00f6netimi Komutlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Modern Kali Linux kurulumlar\u0131nda servis y\u00f6netiminde b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde <strong>systemd<\/strong> kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>systemctl status<\/h3>\n<p>Bir servisin durumunu kontrol etmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>systemctl status ssh<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>systemctl start<\/h3>\n<p>Bir servisi ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo systemctl start ssh<\/code><\/p>\n<h3>systemctl stop<\/h3>\n<p>Bir servisi durdurmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo systemctl stop ssh<\/code><\/p>\n<h3>systemctl restart<\/h3>\n<p>Bir servisi yeniden ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo systemctl restart ssh<\/code><\/p>\n<h3>systemctl enable<\/h3>\n<p>Servisin sistem a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda otomatik ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo systemctl enable ssh<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu komutlar \u00f6zellikle uzaktaki <strong>Linux sunucu y\u00f6netimi<\/strong> s\u0131ras\u0131nda s\u0131k kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Daha y\u00fcksek kaynak gerektiren Linux projeleri i\u00e7in Dehost&#8217;un <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/dehost.com.tr\/premium-vds\">Premium VDS<\/a><\/strong> \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri de incelenebilir.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Log G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme Komutlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Bir sistemde hata olu\u015ftu\u011funda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken ilk i\u015flemlerden biri loglar\u0131 incelemektir.<\/p>\n<h3>journalctl Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Systemd journal kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>journalctl<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Son a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015ftaki kay\u0131tlar\u0131 g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>journalctl -b<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Belirli bir servisin kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 incelemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>journalctl -u ssh<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Kali&#8217;nin resmi troubleshooting dok\u00fcmanlar\u0131nda <code>journalctl<\/code>, systemd loglar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilen temel ara\u00e7lardan biridir.<\/p>\n<h3>dmesg Komutu<\/h3>\n<p>Kernel mesajlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>dmesg<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zellikle donan\u0131m, s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc, disk ve kernel seviyesindeki problemleri ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken faydal\u0131d\u0131r. Kali resmi dok\u00fcmanlar\u0131 da kernel olaylar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenmesinde <code>dmesg<\/code> kullan\u0131m\u0131na yer vermektedir.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Reboot ve Kapatma Komutlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Sunucunun yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finde:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo reboot<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Sistemi kapatmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo poweroff<\/code><\/p>\n<p>veya:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo shutdown -h now<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Belirli bir s\u00fcre sonra kapatma i\u015flemi de planlanabilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo shutdown -h +10<\/code><\/p>\n<p>sistemi yakla\u015f\u0131k 10 dakika sonra kapatacak \u015fekilde planlar.<\/p>\n<p>Bir sunucuda reboot i\u015flemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeden \u00f6nce devam eden i\u015flemler, kullan\u0131c\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 ve kritik servisler kontrol edilmelidir.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Komutlar\u0131nda Pipe Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Linux terminalinin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u00f6zelliklerinden biri komut \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fka komutlara aktar\u0131labilmesidir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu i\u015flem <code>|<\/code> sembol\u00fcyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir ve <strong>pipe<\/strong> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n<p><code>ps aux | grep nginx<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Burada <code>ps aux<\/code> \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131 <code>grep<\/code> komutuna g\u00f6nderilir ve yaln\u0131zca <code>nginx<\/code> i\u00e7eren sat\u0131rlar g\u00f6sterilir.<\/p>\n<p>Benzer bi\u00e7imde:<\/p>\n<p><code>ip addr | grep inet<\/code><\/p>\n<p>komutu IP bilgilerini i\u00e7eren sat\u0131rlar\u0131n filtrelenmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Pipe kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek Linux terminalinde daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve esnek i\u015flemler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Komutlar\u0131nda Y\u00f6nlendirme Operat\u00f6rleri<\/h2>\n<p>Terminal \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131 dosyalara kaydedilebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bir \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131y\u0131 yeni dosyaya yazmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>ls -la &gt; liste.txt<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Var olan dosyan\u0131n sonuna eklemek i\u00e7in ise:<\/p>\n<p><code>ls -la &gt;&gt; liste.txt<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Burada \u00f6nemli fark \u015fudur:<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Operat\u00f6r<\/th>\n<th>\u0130\u015flev<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><code>&gt;<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Dosyan\u0131n mevcut i\u00e7eri\u011finin \u00fczerine yazar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><code>&gt;&gt;<\/code><\/td>\n<td>Mevcut i\u00e7eri\u011fin sonuna ekler<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>`<\/td>\n<td>`<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u00d6zellikle log, rapor veya sistem \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131 toplarken bu operat\u00f6rler olduk\u00e7a faydal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Komut Ge\u00e7mi\u015fi Nas\u0131l G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenir?<\/h2>\n<p>Daha \u00f6nce \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan terminal komutlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>history<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Belirli bir komutu aramak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>history | grep apt<\/code><\/p>\n<p>gibi bir y\u00f6ntem kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Terminalde <code>Ctrl + R<\/code> kombinasyonu da ge\u00e7mi\u015f komutlar i\u00e7erisinde interaktif arama yapmay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu \u00f6zellik, uzun komutlar\u0131 tekrar yazmak zorunda kalmadan daha h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Komutlar\u0131 ile Sunucu Y\u00f6netimi Yap\u0131labilir mi?<\/h2>\n<p>Evet. Linux terminal komutlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc yaln\u0131zca masa\u00fcst\u00fc Kali kurulumunda de\u011fil, uzaktaki <strong>Linux sunucularda<\/strong> da kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zellikle SSH \u00fczerinden;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sistem g\u00fcncelleme<\/li>\n<li>Dosya y\u00f6netimi<\/li>\n<li>Kullan\u0131c\u0131 y\u00f6netimi<\/li>\n<li>Servis ba\u015flatma<\/li>\n<li>Web sunucusu kontrol\u00fc<\/li>\n<li>Disk takibi<\/li>\n<li>RAM ve CPU analizi<\/li>\n<li>Log inceleme<\/li>\n<li>A\u011f kontrol\u00fc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>gibi bir\u00e7ok i\u015flem ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Projelerini sanal sunucuda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak isteyen kullan\u0131c\u0131lar Dehost&#8217;un <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/dehost.com.tr\/vps-kirala\">VPS sunucu<\/a><\/strong> ve <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/dehost.com.tr\/vds-kirala\">VDS sunucu<\/a><\/strong> se\u00e7eneklerini inceleyebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Web sitesi bar\u0131nd\u0131rmak i\u00e7in tam sunucu y\u00f6netimine ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmuyorsa <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/dehost.com.tr\/linux-hosting\">Linux Hosting<\/a><\/strong> gibi y\u00f6netimi daha kolay hosting \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri de de\u011ferlendirilebilir.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Komutlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00d6\u011frenirken Nelere Dikkat Edilmeli?<\/h2>\n<p>Linux \u00f6\u011frenmenin en etkili yollar\u0131ndan biri komutlar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca ezberlenmesi yerine ne yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zellikle y\u00f6netici yetkisiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan komutlarda dikkatli olunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo<\/code>, <code>rm<\/code>, <code>chmod<\/code>, <code>chown<\/code>, disk bi\u00e7imlendirme ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve servis yap\u0131land\u0131rma komutlar\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sistemde istenmeyen sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu nedenle yeni bir komutu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmadan \u00f6nce:<\/p>\n<p><code>man komut<\/code><\/p>\n<p>veya:<\/p>\n<p><code>komut --help<\/code><\/p>\n<p>ile kullan\u0131m se\u00e7eneklerini incelemek faydal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Kritik de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ise m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse \u00f6nce test ortam\u0131nda uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Sunucu, Linux ve sistem y\u00f6netimi hakk\u0131nda daha fazla teknik i\u00e7erik i\u00e7in <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/dehost.com.tr\/blog\/\">Dehost Blog<\/a><\/strong> \u00fczerindeki rehberler de incelenebilir.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Komutlar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in H\u0131zl\u0131 Referans Tablosu<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0130htiya\u00e7<\/th>\n<th>Komut<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Bulundu\u011funuz dizini \u00f6\u011frenme<\/td>\n<td><code>pwd<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Dosyalar\u0131 listeleme<\/td>\n<td><code>ls -la<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Dizin de\u011fi\u015ftirme<\/td>\n<td><code>cd<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Klas\u00f6r olu\u015fturma<\/td>\n<td><code>mkdir<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Dosya olu\u015fturma<\/td>\n<td><code>touch<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Dosya kopyalama<\/td>\n<td><code>cp<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Dosya ta\u015f\u0131ma<\/td>\n<td><code>mv<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Dosya silme<\/td>\n<td><code>rm<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Dosya g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme<\/td>\n<td><code>cat<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Metin arama<\/td>\n<td><code>grep<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Dosya bulma<\/td>\n<td><code>find<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>IP adreslerini g\u00f6rme<\/td>\n<td><code>ip addr<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Route tablosunu g\u00f6rme<\/td>\n<td><code>ip route<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Disk kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rme<\/td>\n<td><code>df -h<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Klas\u00f6r boyutunu g\u00f6rme<\/td>\n<td><code>du -sh<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>RAM kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rme<\/td>\n<td><code>free -h<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0130\u015flemleri g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme<\/td>\n<td><code>ps aux<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Canl\u0131 kaynak takibi<\/td>\n<td><code>top<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Servis kontrol\u00fc<\/td>\n<td><code>systemctl<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Log g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme<\/td>\n<td><code>journalctl<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Kernel loglar\u0131<\/td>\n<td><code>dmesg<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Paket listesini yenileme<\/td>\n<td><code>sudo apt update<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sistemi g\u00fcncelleme<\/td>\n<td><code>sudo apt full-upgrade<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Paket y\u00fckleme<\/td>\n<td><code>sudo apt install<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Sistemi yeniden ba\u015flatma<\/td>\n<td><code>sudo reboot<\/code><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>Kali Linux Komutlar\u0131n\u0131 Bilmek Neden \u00d6nemlidir?<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Kali Linux terminal komutlar\u0131<\/strong>, i\u015fletim sisteminin yaln\u0131zca daha h\u0131zl\u0131 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaz; sistemin nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamay\u0131 da kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Grafik aray\u00fcz \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan pek \u00e7ok i\u015flem terminalden daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir. Ayr\u0131ca baz\u0131 sistem y\u00f6netimi ve sorun giderme i\u015flemlerinin grafik aray\u00fczde do\u011frudan kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmayabilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zellikle <strong>sunucu y\u00f6neticileri, Linux kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftiriciler ve siber g\u00fcvenlik alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan temel komut bilgisi \u00f6nemli bir yetkinliktir.<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 a\u015famas\u0131nda <code>ls<\/code>, <code>cd<\/code>, <code>pwd<\/code>, <code>cp<\/code>, <code>mv<\/code>, <code>grep<\/code>, <code>ip<\/code>, <code>apt<\/code>, <code>systemctl<\/code> ve <code>journalctl<\/code> gibi temel ara\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenilmesi yeterlidir. Daha sonra pipe kullan\u0131m\u0131, log analizi, dosya izinleri, servis y\u00f6netimi ve shell betikleri gibi daha ileri konulara ge\u00e7ilebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Kali Linux \u00f6\u011frenirken \u00f6nemli olan \u00e7ok say\u0131da komutu ezberlemek de\u011fil, ihtiya\u00e7 duyuldu\u011funda hangi komutun hangi ama\u00e7la kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmektir.<\/p>\n<h2>Kali Linux Komutlar\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n<h3>Kali Linux komutlar\u0131 nelerdir?<\/h3>\n<p>En s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan <strong>Kali Linux komutlar\u0131<\/strong> aras\u0131nda <code>ls<\/code>, <code>cd<\/code>, <code>pwd<\/code>, <code>cp<\/code>, <code>mv<\/code>, <code>rm<\/code>, <code>cat<\/code>, <code>grep<\/code>, <code>find<\/code>, <code>ip<\/code>, <code>df<\/code>, <code>free<\/code>, <code>ps<\/code>, <code>top<\/code>, <code>systemctl<\/code>, <code>journalctl<\/code> ve <code>apt<\/code> bulunur.<\/p>\n<h3>Kali Linux&#8217;ta terminal nas\u0131l a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h3>\n<p>Kali Linux masa\u00fcst\u00fc ortam\u0131nda uygulama men\u00fcs\u00fcnden Terminal uygulamas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131labilir. Kullan\u0131lan masa\u00fcst\u00fc ortam\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak klavye k\u0131sayollar\u0131 da kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Kali Linux nas\u0131l g\u00fcncellenir?<\/h3>\n<p>Kali&#8217;nin resmi dok\u00fcmantasyonuna g\u00f6re temel g\u00fcncelleme i\u015flemi:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo apt update<\/code><\/p>\n<p>ard\u0131ndan:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo apt full-upgrade<\/code><\/p>\n<p>komutlar\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir. Rolling da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m yap\u0131s\u0131nda Kali ekibi genel y\u00fckseltmeler i\u00e7in <code>full-upgrade<\/code> kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 tavsiye etmektedir.<\/p>\n<h3>Kali Linux&#8217;ta IP adresi nas\u0131l \u00f6\u011frenilir?<\/h3>\n<p>IP ve a\u011f aray\u00fczlerini g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>ip addr<\/code><\/p>\n<p>veya k\u0131sa bi\u00e7imiyle:<\/p>\n<p><code>ip a<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Kali Linux&#8217;ta klas\u00f6r nas\u0131l olu\u015fturulur?<\/h3>\n<p>Yeni klas\u00f6r olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>mkdir klasor-adi<\/code><\/p>\n<p>komutu kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>Kali Linux&#8217;ta dosya nas\u0131l silinir?<\/h3>\n<p>Dosya silmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>rm dosya.txt<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir. Klas\u00f6rlerin i\u00e7eri\u011fiyle silinmesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan recursive parametreler dikkatli kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>Kali Linux&#8217;ta RAM kullan\u0131m\u0131 nas\u0131l g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr?<\/h3>\n<p>RAM kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kolay okunabilir formatta g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>free -h<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Canl\u0131 sistem kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in ayr\u0131ca <code>top<\/code> komutu kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Kali Linux&#8217;ta disk alan\u0131 nas\u0131l kontrol edilir?<\/h3>\n<p>Disk b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin kullan\u0131m durumunu g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>df -h<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Belirli bir klas\u00f6r\u00fcn boyutunu g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>du -sh klasor<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Kali Linux&#8217;ta \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan programlar nas\u0131l g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenir?<\/h3>\n<p>T\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015flemleri g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>ps aux<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 canl\u0131 takip etmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>top<\/code><\/p>\n<p>komutu tercih edilebilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Kali Linux&#8217;ta bir servis nas\u0131l yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h3>\n<p>Systemd taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen bir servisi yeniden ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo systemctl restart servis-adi<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin SSH servisi i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>sudo systemctl restart ssh<\/code><\/p>\n<p>komutu kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Kali Linux&#8217;ta loglar nas\u0131l g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenir?<\/h3>\n<p>Systemd loglar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>journalctl<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Kernel mesajlar\u0131 i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>dmesg<\/code><\/p>\n<p>komutu tercih edilebilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Kali Linux komutlar\u0131 Ubuntu ve Debian&#8217;da \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r m\u0131?<\/h3>\n<p>Kali Linux Debian tabanl\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in temel GNU\/Linux komutlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Debian ve Ubuntu gibi da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlarda da ayn\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak paketler, servis adlar\u0131 veya sistem yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131 da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ma g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015febilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Kali Linux&#8217;ta sudo ne i\u015fe yarar?<\/h3>\n<p><strong>sudo<\/strong>, izin verilen kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n belirli komutlar\u0131 y\u00fckseltilmi\u015f yetkilerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Sistem paketlerini g\u00fcncelleme veya servis yap\u0131land\u0131rma gibi i\u015flemlerde kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Kali Linux&#8217;ta komut hakk\u0131nda yard\u0131m nas\u0131l al\u0131n\u0131r?<\/h3>\n<p>Bir komutun kullan\u0131m k\u0131lavuzunu g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p><code>man komut-adi<\/code><\/p>\n<p>kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca bir\u00e7ok program:<\/p>\n<p><code>komut-adi --help<\/code><\/p>\n<p>parametresini destekler.<\/p>\n<h3>Kali Linux sunucuda kullan\u0131labilir mi?<\/h3>\n<p>Kali Linux teknik olarak sanal veya fiziksel sistemlerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir. Ancak kullan\u0131lacak i\u015fletim sistemi, projenin amac\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenlik gereksinimleri do\u011frultusunda se\u00e7ilmelidir. Genel web hosting ama\u00e7lar\u0131nda Debian, Ubuntu, AlmaLinux gibi sunucu odakl\u0131 da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar bir\u00e7ok senaryoda daha yayg\u0131n tercih edilir.<\/p>\n<h3>Kali Linux g\u00fcvenlik testleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir mi?<\/h3>\n<p>Evet. Kali Linux g\u00fcvenlik ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 ve penetrasyon testi ama\u00e7l\u0131 ara\u00e7lar sunar. Ancak bu ara\u00e7lar yaln\u0131zca <strong>sahibi oldu\u011funuz veya test etmek i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131k izin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z sistemlerde<\/strong> kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>Kali Linux \u00f6\u011frenmeye hangi komutlardan ba\u015flanmal\u0131?<\/h3>\n<p>Yeni ba\u015flayanlar \u00f6ncelikle <code>pwd<\/code>, <code>ls<\/code>, <code>cd<\/code>, <code>mkdir<\/code>, <code>cp<\/code>, <code>mv<\/code>, <code>rm<\/code>, <code>cat<\/code>, <code>grep<\/code>, <code>ip<\/code>, <code>apt<\/code>, <code>ps<\/code> ve <code>systemctl<\/code> gibi temel komutlar\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenebilir. Daha sonra dosya izinleri, log analizi, shell scriptleri ve geli\u015fmi\u015f sistem y\u00f6netimine ge\u00e7ilebilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kali Linux komutlar\u0131, Linux tabanl\u0131 sistemleri y\u00f6netmek, dosyalar \u00fczerinde i\u015flem yapmak, a\u011f ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek, paketleri g\u00fcncellemek, servisleri y\u00f6netmek ve sistem hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 bilgi almak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan terminal komutlar\u0131n\u0131 kapsar. Kali Linux \u00f6zellikle siber g\u00fcvenlik, sistem y\u00f6netimi, a\u011f analizi, g\u00fcvenlik testi ve teknik e\u011fitim alanlar\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan Debian tabanl\u0131 bir Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak Kali<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[61,2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kontrol-panelleri","category-linux-sistemler-hakkinda-bilgiler"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Kali Linux Komutlar\u0131: Temel ve \u0130leri Seviye Rehber - Dehost Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kali Linux komutlar\u0131 nelerdir? 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